यदेतद्विस्मृतं पुंसो मद्भावं भिन्नमात्मनः ।
ततः संसार एतस्य देहाद्देहो मृतेर्मृतिः ॥५७॥

yad etad vismá¹›taá¹ puá¹so
mad-bhÄvaá¹ bhinnam Ätmanaḥ
tataḥ saá¹sÄra etasya
dehÄd deho má¹›ter má¹›tiḥ

 yat - which; etat - this; vismá¹›tam - forgotten; puá¹saḥ - of the living entity; mat-bhÄvam - My spiritual position; bhinnam - separation; Ätmanaḥ - from the Supreme Soul; tataḥ - from that; saá¹sÄraḥ - material, conditional life; etasya - of the living entity; dehÄt - from one body; dehaḥ - another body; má¹›teḥ - from one death; má¹›tiḥ - another death.


Text

When a living entity, thinking himself different from Me, forgets his spiritual identity of qualitative oneness with Me in eternity, knowledge and bliss, his material, conditional life begins. In other words, instead of identifying his interest with Mine, he becomes interested in his bodily expansions like his wife, children and material possessions. In this way, by the influence of his actions, one body comes from another, and after one death, another death takes place.

Purport

Generally the MÄyÄvÄdÄ« philosophers or persons influenced by MÄyÄvÄdÄ« philosophers think themselves as good as the Supreme Personality of Godhead. This is the cause of their conditional life. As stated by the Vaiṣṇava poet JagadÄnanda Paṇá¸ita in his Prema-vivarta:

kṛṣṇa-bahirmukha haÃ±Ä bhoga vÄñchÄ kare
 nikaá¹­a-stha mÄyÄ tÄre jÄpaá¹­iyÄ dhare

As soon as a living entity forgets his constitutional position and endeavors to become one with the Supreme, his conditional life begins. The conception that the Supreme Brahman and the living entity are equal not only in quality but also in quantity is the cause of conditional life. If one forgets the difference between the Supreme Lord and the living entity, his conditional life begins. Conditional life means giving up one body to accept another and undergoing death to accept death again. The MÄyÄvÄdÄ« philosopher teaches the philosophy of tat tvam asi, saying, “You are the same as God.†He forgets that tat tvam asi applies in terms of the marginal position of the living entity, who is like sunshine. There is heat and light in the sun, and there is heat and light in the sunshine, and thus they are qualitatively one. But one should not forget that the sunshine rests on the sun. As the Lord says in Bhagavad-gÄ«tÄ, brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhÄham: “I am the original source of Brahman.†The sunshine is important because of the presence of the sun globe. It is not that the sun globe is important because of the all-pervasiveness of the sunshine. Forgetfulness and misunderstanding of this fact is called mÄyÄ. Because of forgetfulness of one’s constitutional position and that of the Supreme Lord, one comes into mÄyÄ, or saá¹sÄra — conditional life. In this regard, MadhvÄcÄrya says:

sarva-bhinnaá¹ parÄtmÄnaá¹
 vismaran saá¹sared iha
abhinnaá¹ saá¹smaran yÄti
 tamo nÄsty atra saá¹Å›ayaḥ

When one thinks that the living entity is nondifferent in all respects from the Supreme Lord, there is no doubt that he is in ignorance (tamaḥ).