dhanya -- of grains; daru -- of wood (in the form of both ordinary objects and sacred utensils); asthi -- bone (such as elephant tusks); tantunam -- and thread; rasa -- of liquids (oil, ghee, etc.); taijasa -- fiery objects (gold, etc.); carmanam -- and skins; kala -- by time; vayu -- by air; agni -- by fire; mrit -- by earth; toyaih -- and by water; parthivanam -- (also) of earthen objects (such as chariot wheels, mud, pots, bricks, etc.); yuta -- in combination; ayutaih -- or separately.

Various objects such as grains, wooden utensils, things made of bone, thread, liquids, objects derived from fire, skins and earthy objects are all purified by time, by the wind, by fire, by earth and by water, either separately or in combination.