śrī-uddhava uvāca

yamaḥ kati-vidhaḥ prokto

niyamo vāri-karṣaṇa

kaḥ śamaḥ ko damaḥ kṛṣṇa

kā titikṣā dhṛtiḥ prabho

kiḿ dānaḿ kiḿ tapaḥ śauryaḿ

kim satyam ṛtam ucyate

kas tyāgaḥ kiḿ dhanaḿ ceṣṭaḿ

ko yajñaḥ kā ca dakṣiṇā

puḿsaḥ kiḿ svid balaḿ śrīman

bhago lābhaś ca keśava

kā vidyā hrīḥ parā kā śrīḥ

kiḿ sukhaḿ duḥkham eva ca

kaḥ paṇḍitaḥ kaś ca mūrkhaḥ

kaḥ panthā utpathaś ca kaḥ

kaḥ svargo narakaḥ kaḥ svit

ko bandhur uta kiḿ gṛham

ka āḍhyaḥ ko daridro vā

kṛpaṇaḥ kaḥ ka īśvaraḥ

etān praśnān mama brūhi

viparītāḿś ca sat-pate

sri-uddhavah uvaca -- Sri Uddhava said; yamah -- disciplinary regulations; kati-vidhah -- how many different types; proktah -- are declared to exist; niyamah -- regular daily duties; va -- or; ari-karshana -- O Krishna, subduer of the enemy; kah -- what is; samah -- mental equilibrium; kah -- what is; damah -- self-control; krishna -- my dear Krishna; ka -- what is; titiksha -- tolerance; dhritih -- steadfastness; prabho -- my Lord; kim -- what is; danam -- charity; kim -- what is; tapah -- austerity; sauryam -- heroism; kim -- what is; satyam -- reality; ritam -- truth; ucyate -- is said; kah -- what is; tyagah -- renunciation; kim -- what is; dhanam -- wealth; ca -- also; ishtam -- desirable; kah -- what is; yajnah -- sacrifice; ka -- what is; ca -- also; dakshina -- religious remuneration; pumsah -- of a person; kim -- what is; svit -- indeed; balam -- strength; sri-man -- O most fortunate Krishna; bhagah -- opulence; labhah -- profit; ca -- also; kesava -- my dear Kesava; ka -- what is; vidya -- education; hrih -- humility; para -- supreme; ka -- what is; srih -- beauty; kim -- what is; sukham -- happiness; duhkham -- unhappiness; eva -- indeed; ca -- also; kah -- who is; panditah -- learned; kah -- who is; ca -- also; murkhah -- a fool; kah -- what is; panthah -- the real path; utpathah -- the false path; ca -- also; kah -- what is; kah -- what is; svargah -- heaven; narakah -- hell; kah -- what is; svit -- indeed; kah -- who is; bandhuh -- a friend; uta -- and; kim -- what is; griham -- home; kah -- who is; adhyah -- wealthy; kah -- who is; daridrah -- poor; va -- or; kripanah -- a miser; kah -- who is; kah -- who is; isvarah -- a controller; etan -- these; prasnan -- subject matters of inquiry; mama -- to me; bruhi -- please speak; viparitan -- the opposite qualities; ca -- also; sat-pate -- O Lord of the devotees.


Texto

Sri Uddhava said: My dear Lord Krishna, O chastiser of the enemies, please tell me how many types of disciplinary regulations and regular daily duties there are. Also, my Lord, tell me what is mental equilibrium, what is self-control, and what is the actual meaning of tolerance and steadfastness. What are charity, austerity and heroism, and how are reality and truth to he described? What is renunciation, and what is wealth? What is desirable, what is sacrifice, and what is religious remuneration? My dear Kesava, O most fortunate one, how am I to understand the strength, opulence and profit of a particular person? What is the best education, what is actual humility, and what is real beauty? What are happiness and unhappiness? Who is learned, and who is a fool? What are the true and the false paths in life, and what are heaven and hell? Who is indeed a true friend, and what is one's real home? Who is a rich man, and who is a poor man? Who is wretched, and who is an actual controller? O Lord of the devotees, kindly explain these matters to me, along with their opposites.

Significado

All of the items mentioned in these five verses are defined in different ways by different cultures and societies throughout the world. Therefore, Sri Uddhava is directly approaching the supreme authority, Lord Krishna, to obtain the standard definition for these universal aspects of civilized life.