eṣaḥ - this; ātma-viparyāsaḥ - bewilderment of the living being; hi - indeed; aliṅge - in that which does not possess a material body; liṅga-bhāvanā - accepting the material body to be the self; eṣaḥ - this; priya - with those who are very dear; apriyaiḥ - and with those who are not dear (enemies, those not in the family, etc.); yogaḥ - connection; viyogaḥ - separation; karma - the fruits of action; saṁsṛtiḥ - the material condition of life; sambhavaḥ - accepting birth; ca - and; vināśaḥ - accepting death; ca - and; śokaḥ - lamentation; ca - and; vividhaḥ - varieties; smṛtaḥ - mentioned in scripture; avivekaḥ - lack of discrimination; ca - and; cintā - anxiety; ca - also; viveka - of proper discrimination; asmṛtiḥ - forgetfulness; eva - indeed; ca - also.

In his bewildered state, the living entity, accepting the body and mind to be the self, considers some people to be his kinsmen and others to be outsiders. Because of this misconception, he suffers. Indeed, the accumulation of such concocted material ideas is the cause of suffering and so-called happiness in the material world. The conditioned soul thus situated must take birth in different species and work in various types of consciousness, thus creating new bodies. This continued material life is called saṁsāra. Birth, death, lamentation, foolishness and anxiety are due to such material considerations. Thus we sometimes come to a proper understanding and sometimes fall again to a wrong conception of life.