सनकं च सनन्दं च सनातनमथात्मभूः ।
सनत्कुमारं च मुनीन्निष्क्रियानूर्ध्वरेतसः ॥४॥

sanakaá¹ ca sanandaá¹ ca
sanÄtanam athÄtmabhūḥ
sanat-kumÄraá¹ ca munÄ«n
niá¹£kriyÄn Å«rdhva-retasaḥ

 sanakam - Sanaka; ca - also; sanandam - Sananda; ca - and; sanÄtanam - SanÄtana; atha - thereafter; Ätma-bhūḥ - BrahmÄ, who is self-born; sanat-kumÄram - Sanat-kumÄra; ca - also; munÄ«n - the great sages; niá¹£kriyÄn - free from all fruitive action; Å«rdhva-retasaḥ - those whose semen flows upwards.


Text

In the beginning, BrahmÄ created four great sages named Sanaka, Sananda, SanÄtana and Sanat-kumÄra. All of them were unwilling to adopt materialistic activities because they were highly elevated due to their semen’s flowing upwards.

Purport

Although BrahmÄ created the principles of nescience as a matter of necessity for those living entities who were destined to ignorance by the will of the Lord, he was not satisfied in performing such a thankless task. He therefore created four principles of knowledge: sÄá¹…khya, or empirical philosophy for the analytical study of material conditions; yoga, or mysticism for liberation of the pure soul from material bondage; vairÄgya, the acceptance of complete detachment from material enjoyment in life to elevate oneself to the highest spiritual understanding; and tapas, or the various kinds of voluntary austerities performed for spiritual perfection. BrahmÄ created the four great sages Sanaka, Sananda, SanÄtana and Sanat to entrust them with these four principles of spiritual advancement, and they inaugurated their own spiritual party, or sampradÄya, known as the KumÄra sampradÄya, or later on as the NimbÄrka sampradÄya, for the advancement of bhakti. All of these great sages became great devotees, for without devotional service to the Personality of Godhead one cannot achieve success in any activity of spiritual value.