Pradyumna: (leads chanting, etc.)

sattvaṁ rajas tama iti prakrter guṇas tair
yuktaḥ; paraḥ; puruṣa eka ihasya dhatte
sthity-adaye hari-viriñci-hareti saṁjñaḥ;
sreyaṁsi tatra khalu sattva-tanor nrṇaṁ syuḥ;
[SB 1.2.23]

Translation: "The transcendental Personality of Godhead is indirectly associated with the three modes of material nature, namely passion, goodness and ignorance, and just for the material world's creation, maintenance and destruction, He accepts the three qualitative forms of Brahma, Viṣṇu and Siva. Of these three, all human beings can derive ultimate benefit from Viṣṇu, the form of the quality of goodness."

Prabhupada: So material world means the three qualities. Material world is going on under three energetic energies: sattva, rajas, tamas. We have explained several times, we see varieties of living entities, varieties of trees, varieties of everything. Anywhere you go, you simply find varieties. Some of them you like, some of them you do not like. So these varieties are due to these three material modes of nature, sattva, rajas, tamas.

So when creation has taken place, the things should be managed properly, so Krṣṇa Himself, He expands into three forms for management. One form is Lord Viṣṇu, one form is Lord Siva and the other form is Lord Brahma. Brahma creates, Lord Viṣṇu maintains, and Lord Siva destroys. Because in the material nature, you cannot have anything permanent. That is material nature. It is just like the flashlight. When you pass through roads and avenue, there are three colors-red, blue and yellow. They're passing through, always. Not that the blue is always existing, or red is always existing, or the yellow is always. Passing, simply. That is the nature, material nature. Here, everything is born. That is called srṣṭi, creation.

Everything is creation. That is our experience. Everything is created and it is maintained for some time. Just like my body, your body, is created. And it will be maintained for sometimes. But at the end, when the body is old, it will be destroyed. This is material nature. Some of the philosophers, they say there is no such thing, creation or destruction; everything is existing always. That we also accept. That everything is existing always means Krṣṇa. And Krṣṇa... The creation is going through three stages. The creation taking place, it is being maintained for some time, and again it is destroyed. These things are going on. The same example: the lights, flashlights. They are coming and going. But the puller of the lights, behind the light, he is existing. Similarly, the creator is existing, but not the creation. Creation is coming into existence, is sustained, and again... But the creator is there. Aham evasam agre. Lord Krṣṇa says that "Before creation I was there." Otherwise who will create? "Before creation I was there. While creation is maintained, I am there. And when it is destroyed, still I am there."

So in three stages, Krṣṇa is there: in the past, present and future. Therefore He knows everything. If, under my direction, something is going, going on, I have created something, it is maintained, and it is destroyed, I am seeing, or I am ordering, then I am always existing. I know when it is created, when it is maintained and when it is destroyed. So Krṣṇa knows past, present and future. Krṣṇa does not mean alone. Krṣṇa means there is another kingdom. Just like when we speak of a king, it means the king is not alone. There is queen, there is palace, there is bodyguard, there is secretary, there is commander in chief, so many things. Just like in England, there is Queen Elizabeth. It does not mean that Queen Elizabeth is alone. She has got so many paraphernalia. Similarly, when we speak of Krṣṇa, Krṣṇa means His name, His form, His quality, His activities, His pastimes, His friends, His mother, His father, His cowherd, cows, His Vrndavana... So many things. That is another variety. And here this material world, this variety, this variety is imitation of that variety. And that variety is eternal. This variety is created, maintained and destroyed. But in the middle, the point, Krṣṇa, He is ever-existing.

Therefore, in the Bhagavad-gita it is said, urdhva-mulam adhah-sakham [Bg. 15.1]. You have... You know. Just like a tree, standing on the shore of a reservoir of water. You'll find the reflection of the tree downward. Everything is topsy-turvied. The trunk, the root is on the up, and the foliage, which is on the up, that has come down. Similarly, this material world is described in the Bhagavad-gita, Fifteenth Chapter: urdhva-mulam adhah-sakham. Generally, we see tree downwards, root, but in the reflection you will find the roots upward. Therefore urdhva-mulam adhah-sakham means these material varieties are simply an imitation of the original variety. Just like I'll give you very nice example. Just there will be a great fair. Just like we had in this Allahabad, Magha-mela. So because government knew that many people will come to take bath in the Ganges, confluence of Ganges and Yamuna, all of a sudden, a great city, practically, was developed. Those who have seen—so many houses, camps, electric lights, post office, everything. Temporary, created. But as soon as... It is maintained also so long the mela, the fair, is going on. And as soon as the duration of mela is finished, all people go away and the temporary township is also demolished. That we have seen. Similarly, this material world means it is a kind of fair, assembly of so many men. What is the purpose? The purpose is to give them chance, just the Magha-mela is a chance to become purified, to become pious. They take bath in the Ganges. They become, get an opportunity, an auspicious moment to take bath.

So it is like that. There are living entities who are eternally conditioned and there are living entities eternally liberated. The eternally liberated souls, living entities, they are with Krṣṇa, they're dancing with Krṣṇa, because they have no other desire than to satisfy Krṣṇa. That is the difference between eternally conditioned and eternally liberated. Eternally liberated means they have no other desire. All these gopis, all the cowherds boys, all the cows, all the trees, all the water, all the father, mother, friends, they're simply trying to satisfy Krṣṇa. That is Vrndavana. They have no other business. That is Vrndavana. The central point is Krṣṇa. And here, in this material world, everyone is trying to satisfy himself. His center is he himself. Therefore he's exploiting others, he's cheating others, he's making so many things, bluffing, because he wants to enjoy himself. That's all. This is the difference between spiritual world and material world. If you want to satisfy yourself, your senses, that is material. And if you want to satisfy Krṣṇa, Krṣṇa's senses, then it is spiritual. This is the difference. So either do it here or go to Vaikuṇṭha, Goloka, do there—the business is the same.

So this is a chance, these conditioned souls who have come to this material world to enjoy senses, they are given chance, they are given chance, "All right, you enjoy. You want to enjoy as human being. All right, take a body of human being. If you want to enjoy like a tiger, all right, take a body. If you want to enjoy as demigod, all right, take a body." Krṣṇa is so liberal, "Take, and enjoy as you like. But you'll never be happy." That is the crucial point. "If you want to happy, then surrender unto Me." This is the point. You cannot manufacture your happiness. That is not possible. Therefore this is, this creation is there. Try to understand. Why there is creation? This creation is a chance given to the conditioned soul, how to come to his senses, that living entity, that he is eternally servant of Krṣṇa, part and parcel. His only business is to satisfy Krṣṇa. So here is a chance. If we don't take this chance, then again the creation will be wound up, it will be destroyed. Again there will be creation, again another chance will be given. This is going on. Bhutva bhutva praliyate [Bg. 8.19]. In the Bhagavad-gita it is said, bhutva bhutva praliyate. It is manifested sometimes and maintained for some time and again destroyed.

Now the original person is Krṣṇa. Now, to maintain this creation, He expands Himself into three: hari, viriñci, hara. Hari means Viṣṇu, viriñci means Brahma, and hara means Lord Siva. Hari-viriñci-hareti saṁjñaḥ;. But, just like the Mayavadi philosopher says that "Then, if Krṣṇa has become Hari, Viriñci and Hara, three, so I can worship anyone." No. That is hinted here: sreyaṁsi tatra khalu sattva-tanor nrṇaṁ syuḥ;. But if you want your ultimate goal, then you take shelter of Viṣṇu—sattva-tanoḥ;—not Siva, not Brahma. Here, clearly says. If you want... Because your conditioned life is due to your disobedience to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. So unless you surrender unto Him, you again become obedient, there is no question of your goodness or your good or fortune. That is not possible. That is explained here. Sreyaṁsi, if you want... Sreyaṁsi means if you want really ultimate benefit of your life, then sattva-tanoḥ;. Sattva-tanoḥ; means Viṣṇu. You have to take shelter of the form of the Lord who is representing sattva-guṇa, goodness. Not the rajo-guṇa not the tamo-guṇa. If you take to rajo-guṇa, tamo-guṇa, then tada rajas-tamo-bhavaḥ; kama-lobhadayas ca ye [SB 1.2.19], then you will be influenced by two qualities, namely greediness and lust. That's all. You'll never come to your senses. You'll be carried away by these two modes of material nature. Bhaktivinoda Ṭhakura therefore said, mayar bose, jaccho bhese' Khaccho habuḍubu bhai. "My dear brother, you are being carried away by the waves of this material nature, two modes of material nature, and you are being harassed. Sometimes you are drowned, sometimes you are up."

So, jiv krṣṇa-das, e bisvas, korle to' ar duḥ;kho nai. If you simply believe that you are eternal servant of Krṣṇa, then there is no more carrying out, no more carried away by these two things, lusty, lust and greediness. Therefore it is advised here that sreyaṁsi tatra khalu sattva-tanor nrṇaṁ syuḥ;. Our ultimate benefit rests when you take shelter of the sattva-tanoḥ;.

Purport?

Pradyumna: "Why Lord Sri Krṣṇa with his plenary parts shall be rendered devotional service as it is explained above is confirmed by this statement. Lord Sri Krṣṇa and all His plenary parts are viṣṇu-tattva, or the Lordship of Godhead. From Sri Krṣṇa, the next manifestation is Baladeva. From Baladeva is Saṅkarṣaṇa; from Saṅkarṣaṇa is Narayaṇa; again from Narayaṇa there is the second Saṅkarṣaṇa; and from this Saṅkarṣaṇa the Viṣṇu puruṣa-avataras. The Viṣṇu or the Deity of the quality of goodness in the material world is the puruṣa-avatara known as Kṣirodakasayi Viṣṇu, or Paramatma. Brahma is the deity of rajas, or passion, and Siva for ignorance. They are three departmental heads of the three qualities of this material world. Creation is made possible by the quality of passion and endeavor; it is maintained by the goodness of Viṣṇu; and when it is required to be destroyed, Lord Siva does it by taṇḍava-nrtya. The materialists and the foolish human beings do worship Brahma and Siva respectively, but the pure transcendentalists do worship the form of goodness, Viṣṇu, in His various forms. Viṣṇu is manifested by His millions and billions of integrated forms and separated forms. The integrated forms are called Godhead, and the separated forms are called the living entities, or the jivas. But either the jivas or Godhead, both of them have their original, spiritual forms. The jivas are sometimes subjected under the control of the material energy, but the Viṣṇu forms are always controller of the material energy. When..."

Prabhupada: There is a difference between ordinary form and Viṣṇu form. Ordinary forms, they are controlled by Viṣṇu. Go on... nityo nityanaṁ cetanas cetananam eko bahunaṁ yo vidadhati (Kaṭha Upaniṣad 2.2.13). That is the Vedic injunction. Go on.

Pradyumna: "When Viṣṇu or the Personality of Godhead appears in the material world, He comes to deliver the conditioned living beings who are under the material energy. Such living being appears in the material world with intention of lording it over falsely, and thus becomes entrapped by the three modes of nature. As such, the living entities have to change the material coverings for undergoing different terms of imprisonment. The prison house of the material world is created by Brahma, under instruction of the Personality of Godhead, and at the conclusion of a kalpa, the whole thing is destroyed by Siva. But so far maintenance of the prison house is concerned, it is done by Viṣṇu, as much as the state prison house is maintained by the state. Anyone, therefore, who may wish to get out of this prison house of material existence, which is full of miseries like repetition of birth, death, diseases and old age, must please Lord Viṣṇu for such liberation. Lord Viṣṇu is worshiped by devotional service only, and if anyone has to continue the prison life in the material world, he may ask for relative facilities from the different demigods like Siva, Brahma, Indra, Varuṇa, etc., for temporary relief. No such demigods can, however, release the imprisoned living being from the conditioned life of material existence except Viṣṇu. As such, the ultimate benefit may be derived from Viṣṇu, the Personality of Godhead."

Prabhupada: Just like one is a prisoner. So if he pleases the superintendent of prison, he can get some little facilities. Now I have seen, practically, that one young boy, he was imprisoned for some criminal act. So he was typing in the office of the jail superintendent. So that means he was educated, but he was put into ordinary prison term. He was breaking some stone. But he satisfied the jail superintendent that "I am not accustomed to this. However, I can serve you in some other way." So, he saw that "He is educated. He knows. All right. You come to my office. Just help me, in typing."

So this facility one can have. But not released from the prison house. That is not in the power of the superintendent. Similarly, all the demigods, they can give you a temporary facility, but they cannot give you relief from this prison house. Abrahma-bhuvanal lokaḥ; punar avartino 'rjuna [Bg. 8.16]. People are going to heavenly planets and our planets... Just like they are going to the moon planet. But they are again coming down, again coming down. Either by machine or by fruitive activities, you can be transferred to higher planetary system, but again you have to come back. Kṣiṇe puṇye punaḥ; martya-lokaṁ visanti. You cannot get release. If you want to get release, then you have to come to Viṣṇu. Then you will get release. Sudhyanti prabhaviṣṇave namaḥ;. Viṣṇu can do. Hariṁ vina na mrtiṁ taranti. This is Hari. If you do not surrender to Hari, then you cannot get release from these four principles of material life, namely birth, death, old age and disease. You cannot get.

Therefore in the Bhagavad-gita it is stated: kamais tais tair hrta-jñanaḥ; yajante anya-devataḥ; [Bg. 7.20]. Hrta-jñanaḥ;, hrta-jñanaḥ;, those who have lost their intelligence. They are influenced by their lust and greediness. They worship different demigods to get some material temporary benefit. Therefore they are called naṣṭa-buddhi. His real problem is how to get out of this entanglement of repetition of birth and death, but he doesn't care that. He thinks, "Oh, now I am living in this way. If I live in a palatial building, then my problem is solved." That is not your problem, solution of the problem. That is not solution. But people are very much enamored by this temporary material elements. Therefore they are called by Krṣṇa as naṣṭa-buddhayaḥ;, hrta-jñanaḥ;. They're actual knowledge is lost. Real thing is... Just like in the jail. The same example: the boy was given a little relief. Instead of breaking stone, he was allowed to type in the office. That does not mean his problem is solved. His problem is solved when he's out of the prison. That is. But that the superintendent of police cannot give. That will be given by the government. Similarly, if we want to get relief from this prison house of material existence, we must take to Krṣṇa consciousness. No other method will relieve us.

Thank you very much. (end)

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