उभयोरन्तरं व्योम ये रुद्रपार्षदां गणाः ॥२९॥
tÄrtÄ«yena svabhÄvena
bhagavan-nÄbhim ÄÅ›ritÄḥ
ubhayor antaraá¹ vyoma
ye rudra-pÄrá¹£adÄá¹ gaṇÄḥ
tÄrtÄ«yena - by excessive development of the third mode of material nature, the mode of ignorance; svabhÄvena - by such nature; bhagavat-nÄbhim - the abdominal navel of the gigantic form of the Personality of Godhead; ÄÅ›ritÄḥ - those who are so situated; ubhayoḥ - between the two; antaram - in between; vyoma - the sky; ye - all of whom; rudra-pÄrá¹£adÄm - associates of Rudra; gaṇÄḥ - population.
Living entities who are associates of Rudra develop in the third mode of material nature, or ignorance. They are situated in the sky between the earthly planets and the heavenly planets.
This middle portion of the sky is called Bhuvarloka, as confirmed by both ÅšrÄ«la ViÅ›vanÄtha CakravartÄ« and ÅšrÄ«la JÄ«va GosvÄmÄ«. In Bhagavad-gÄ«tÄ it is stated that those who develop in the mode of passion are situated in the middle region. Those who are situated in the mode of goodness are promoted to the regions of the demigods, those who are situated in the mode of passion are placed in human society, and those who are situated in the mode of ignorance are placed in the society of animals or ghosts. There are no contradictions in this conclusion. Numerous living entities are distributed all over the universe in different planets and are so situated in terms of their own qualities in the modes of material nature.
